WIDMA » Engineering Calculators
ENGINEERING CALCULATORS
Milling
Turning
Drilling
Tapping
Hardness Conversions
Conversion table
Material Overview
P | ||
---|---|---|
Steel and cast steel | Hardness HB | |
Carbon steel | < 0.25% C annealed > / = 0.25% C annealed < 0.55% C heat-treated > / = 0.55% C annealed heat-treated |
125 190 250 220 300 |
Low alloy steel | annealed heat-treated heat-treated heat-treated |
200 275 300 350 |
High alloy steel | annealed heat-treated |
200 375 |
M | ||
---|---|---|
Stainless steel and cast steel | Hardness HB | |
Stainless steel | ferrit/mart martensitic austenitic |
200 240 180 |
K | ||
---|---|---|
Cast iron | Hardness HB | |
Grey cast iron | ferrit./pearl pearlitic |
180 260 |
Nodular cast iron | ferritic pearlitic |
160 250 |
Malleable cast iron | ferritic pearlitic |
130 230 |
N | ||
---|---|---|
Non-ferrous metals | Hardness HB | |
Cast aluminium alloys | < / = 12% Si age-hardened > 12% Si |
75 90 130 |
Copper alloys | red brass, brass bronze |
90 100 |
S | ||
---|---|---|
High-temperature alloys | Hardness HB | |
Fe-base alloys | age-hardened |
280 |
Ni-or Co- base alloys | annealed age-hardened |
250 350 |
Titanium alloys | age-hardened |
RM1050 |
|
Surface Finish in Machining
Surface symbol ∼
Roughness grade ∼
N12 | N11 | N10 | N9 | N8 | N7 | N6 | N5 | N4 | N3 | N2 | N1 |
Ra (in microns) ∼
50 | 25 | 12.5 | 6.3 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.025 | 0.012 |
Planning, shaping | ||||||||||||
Drilling | ||||||||||||
Milling | ||||||||||||
Broaching | ||||||||||||
Reaming | ||||||||||||
Boring, turning | ||||||||||||
Roller burnishing | ||||||||||||
Grinding | ||||||||||||
Honing | ||||||||||||
Lapping | ||||||||||||
Lapping |
Average application
Less frequent application